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建设部关于加快推进建筑市场信用体系建设工作的意见

作者:法律资料网 时间:2024-06-03 19:24:17  浏览:8863   来源:法律资料网
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建设部关于加快推进建筑市场信用体系建设工作的意见

建设部


建设部关于加快推进建筑市场信用体系建设工作的意见

建市[2005]138号


各省、自治区建设厅、直辖市、计划单列市建委、新疆生产建设兵团建设局、解放军总后营房部工程管理局:

  建立和完善建筑市场信用体系是健全社会信用体系的重要组成部分,是整顿和规范建筑市场秩序的治本举措,也是建筑业改革和发展的重要保证。为贯彻党中央、国务院关于“加快社会信用体系建设”的要求,按照“一个指导思想,二者同步推进,三方协调配合,实现四个统一”的基本思路,现就加快推进建筑市场信用体系建设工作提出以下意见:

  一、指导思想、总体目标和基本原则

  (一)指导思想:以邓小平理论和“三个代表”重要思想为指导,以建设社会主义和谐社会为目标,坚持法治与德治相结合。按照社会主义市场经济的要求,加强对建筑市场各方主体的诚信管理,建立行政监督和社会监督相结合的诚信监管保障体制,营造诚实守信的良好氛围,为建筑市场监管提供有力的手段。

  (二)总体目标:到2010年,基本构建起全国建筑市场诚信信息平台,实现信息互通、互用和互认;建筑市场责任主体(各类企业和执业人员)行为诚信标准更符合建筑市场监管的需要;相关法律法规得到完善,信用体系的建设和运行做到有法可依;建立起有力的诚信激励和失信惩戒机制;建筑市场各方主体做到守法经营,依法活动;综合信用评价的市场化初步形成。

  (三)基本原则:政府启动、市场运作、权威发布、信息共享。即,充分发挥政府和市场的作用,调动社会各方的积极性,按照守法经营、诚实守信、失信必惩、保障有力的原则,营造良好的建筑市场诚信环境,共同推进建筑市场信用体系建设。

  二、同步推进政府对市场主体的守法诚信评价和社会中介信用机构开展的综合信用评价

  (一)根据建筑市场监管的需要,目前要以政府对市场主体的守法诚信评价为重点。政府对市场主体的守法诚信评价是政府主导,以守法为基础,根据违法违规行为的行政处罚记录,对市场主体进行诚信评价。具体标准由建设部制定,内容包括对市场主体违反各类行政法律规定强制义务的行政处罚记录以及其他不良失信行为记录。具体工作思路是:1.制定标准和评价方法。标准内容以建筑市场有关的法律责任为主要依据进行整理、分类,力求简明、科学,便于理解、记录和应用。对社会关注的焦点、热点问题可有所侧重,如拖欠工程款和农民工工资、转包、违法分包、挂靠、招投标弄虚作假、质量安全问题、违反法定基本建设程序等。2.进行采集和评价。各地建设行政主管部门要充分依托现有的建筑市场和工程现场业务监管服务体系,做好信息的采集、管理和发布工作,推进诚信信息平台的建设;全国地级以上城市要在建立和完善建筑市场监管综合信息系统的基础上,逐步建立可向社会开放的建筑市场守法诚信信息平台;在建设部统一组织下,开展区域和城市试点,逐步实现全国联网,提供网络查询,披露诚信情况。

  (二)要以政府对市场主体守法诚信评价为前提和基础,积极推进社会中介信用机构开展的综合信用评价。社会中介信用机构的综合评价是市场主导,以守法、守信(主要指经济信用,包括市场交易信用和合同履行信用)、守德(主要指道德、伦理信用)、综合实力(主要包括经营、资本、管理、技术等)为基础进行综合评价。具体评价指标由有关协会指导社会中介信用机构研究制定。具体工作思路是:1.由建设部指导有关协会根据综合实力和相关条件确定若干家社会中介信用机构,并制定从事建筑市场信用综合评价机构准入和清出的管理办法。2.社会中介机构在有关协会指导下,研究制定标准,建立评价体系,组织开展征信和信用评价,提供和发布信用信息。3.综合评价中有关建筑市场各方责任主体的优良和不良行为记录等信息要以建筑市场信用信息平台的记录为基础。

  三、充分发挥政府部门、行业协会和评价机构的作用,推动建筑市场信用体系的建设

  (一)建设行政主管部门的主要工作:推动建筑市场信用体系的建立,包括制订建筑市场信用体系的总体框架、实施方案等;建立和完善有关的法律法规和规章制度;通过加大管理资源整合和组织协调力度,建立和完善建筑市场和工程现场联动的业务监管体系,发挥有形建筑市场的资源优势,建立信用信息系统,并向社会公开相关信息;组织制定建筑市场各方责任主体的信用标准;建立失信惩戒机制,依法对建筑市场失信行为进行惩处;对征信和被征信机构参与信用体系建设的行为,如信息采集、信息使用、信用评估等依法实施监管,建立准入和清出机制;推进与工商、金融、商务等有关部门信用信息资源的共享。

  (二)行业协会的主要工作:参与信用体系的建设,协助政府部门研究制定信用标准,参与信用征信和评价,负责具体的事务性工作;建立行业内部监督和协调机制,建立以会员单位为基础的自律维权信息平台,加强对信用征信和评估机构的监督;开展建筑市场信用体系专题研究,指导有关信用征信和评价机构研究建筑市场各方责任主体的信用标准模型和评价方法,并适时修改完善;组织有关交流研讨和业务培训,开展加强对从业人员的动态监管,努力提高建筑市场信用征信和评价工作的质量。

  (三)信用征信和评价机构的主要工作:加强对建筑行业和建筑市场的研究,掌握建筑市场各方责任主体的经营管理运行情况,有针对性地提出建筑市场信用征信和评价的工作建议;在建设行政主管部门的监管和行业协会的指导下,依法从事建筑市场信用信息咨询、征信和信用评价等业务;为建筑市场信用体系建设及其与全社会信用体系融合提供专业支持,参与构建市场化的信用征信和评价机制。

  四、建筑市场信用体系建设要努力实现四个统一

  根据建筑市场监管工作的形势和要求,推进政府对市场主体的守法诚信评价是当前工作的重点。为此,各地建设行政主管部门要共同努力,使建筑市场信用体系建设实现四个统一。

  1、统一的诚信信息平台

  完善的诚信信息系统是诚信体系的基本组成部分,是建立建筑市场诚信体系的基础性工作,能够确保诚信信息搜集整理及时准确和实现共享。在现有诚信档案系统的基础上,首先要推动南北两大区域诚信信息平台的建设和试点工作;即以上海市、江苏省、浙江省三地为主构建一个统一的长三角地区诚信信息平台,以北京、天津、石家庄、济南、青岛、沈阳、大连等地为主构建一个区域性城市间联合诚信信息平台;全国各直辖市、省会城市、计划单列市以及其他一些基础条件较好的地级城市要在诚信信息平台的建设方面起到示范和带头作用;在试点经验的基础上,逐步推动其他区域诚信信息平台的建设;待条件成熟时,研究逐步将区域间的诚信信息平台实现互联,以点带面、稳步推进,逐步实现全国联网,构建全国性的建筑市场诚信信息平台,并在建设部“中国工程建设信息网”上设立诚信信息交流、发布的窗口,逐步实现诚信信息的互通、互用和互认。为此,各级建设行政主管部门要加大协调和整合力度,要在建立和完善建筑市场监管综合信息系统的基础上,逐步建立可向社会开放的建筑市场守法诚信信息平台;要求相关业务监管部门把对建筑市场主体违法违规行为的日常处罚决定和不良行为记录及时整理,并按照各自权限通过监管综合信息系统自行上网记录,形成基础性诚信信息,为诚信评价提供信息保障。诚信信息平台的建设要充分发挥现有建筑市场和工程现场业务监管体系的联动作用,并依托有形建筑市场在人员、技术、业务和硬件等方面资源优势,注重提高政府对建筑市场主体的服务能力和服务水平,创造诚信得彰、失信必惩的良好市场环境,推进建筑市场诚信建设。

  2、统一的诚信评价标准

  要根据进一步整顿和规范建筑市场秩序的实际需要,制定发布建筑市场责任主体行为诚信标准。针对当前建筑市场中存在的突出问题,依据国家有关建筑市场的法律、法规及相关政策,本着先易后难、简便易行、科学实用的原则,制定建筑市场各方主体行为的诚信标准。重点评价在建筑市场内从事建筑活动的企业和执业资格人员的诚信行为。要结合日常建设行政监管和执法工作的需要,对建筑市场各方主体在执行法定建设程序、招投标交易、合同签订履行、业主工程款支付、农民工工资支付、质量安全管理等方面,提出应达到的最基本诚信要求。对建筑市场的执业资格人员(注册建造师等各类注册人员),也要开展诚信行为的评价。诚信标准发布后,各省可根据本地区实际情况对诚信标准进行细化,并制定相应的诚信管理办法和失信惩戒办法等。为确保诚信标准的推广和尽快实施,保证实施过程中的公正、公平,同时根据转变政府职能的要求,行业协会或其他相关机构在各级建设行政主管部门的支持下,可以开展建筑市场各方主体诚信等级的评定工作,并将相关信息在建筑市场诚信信息平台上向全社会发布。

  3、统一的诚信法规体系

  建立建筑市场诚信体系要有法律保障,各地建设行政主管部门要根据国家有关诚信法律法规,制定与建筑市场诚信体系相配套的部门规章和规范性文件,使诚信体系的建设和运行实现制度化、规范化,具体内容包括对诚信信息的采集、整理、应用和发布,对诚信状况的评价,对征信机构的管理,特别是运用失信惩戒机制对存在失信行为的主体进行适当的惩罚等。各地建设行政主管部门要加大研究力度,有针对性地提出建立和完善诚信法规体系的建议和措施,加快建筑市场诚信法规制度建设,加强对建筑市场诚信体系建设的指导。

  4、统一的诚信奖惩机制

  诚信奖惩机制是诚信体系的重要组成部分,是对守信者进行保护,对失信者进行惩罚,发挥社会监督和约束的制度保障。各地建设行政主管部门要将诚信建设与招标投标、资质监管、市场稽查、评优评奖等相结合,逐步建立诚信奖惩机制。对于一般失信行为,要对相关单位和人员进行诚信法制教育,促使其知法、懂法、守法;对有严重失信行为的企业和人员,要会同有关部门,采取行政、经济、法律和社会舆论等综合惩治措施,对其依法公布、曝光或予以行政处罚、经济制裁;行为特别恶劣的,要坚决追究失信者的法律责任,提高失信成本,使失信者得不偿失。诚信体系建设要注意调动建筑市场各方主体参与的积极性,在招标投标、资质监管、市场稽查、评优评奖等建筑市场监管的各个环节,要研究出台对诚实守信的企业和人员给予鼓励的政策和措施,并加大正面宣传力度,使建筑市场形成诚实光荣和守信受益的良好环境。

中华人民共和国建设部
二○○五年八月十二日


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益阳市人民政府办公室关于印发《益阳市人民政府常务会议和市长办公会议规则》的通知

湖南省益阳市人民政府办公室


益政办发〔2005〕12号

益阳市人民政府办公室关于印发《益阳市人民政府常务会议和市长办公会议规则》的通知

各区县(市)人民政府,大通湖区管委会,市人民政府各局委、各直属机构,中央、省属驻益单位:
  《益阳市人民政府常务会议和市长办公会议规则》已经市人民政府2005年第一次常务会议讨论通过,现予印发实施。



                                     二○○五年六月九日

益阳市人民政府常务会议和
市长办公会议规则

  一、市人民政府常务会议、市长办公会议坚持精简、高效、规范、节约的原则,减少数量、控制规模、压缩时间,提高质量。
  二、市人民政府常务会议由市长、副市长、秘书长组成,由市长或市长委托负责常务工作的副市长召集和主持。
  三、市人民政府常务会议讨论的事项,主要是传达中央、国务院、省委、省人民政府重要文件和重要会议精神,讨论决定全市经济和社会发展中的重大问题,听取市人民政府部门的重要工作汇报,审议市人民政府规范性文件,分析研究经济发展形势,通报重要情况。对机构、人员编制等具体问题,市人民政府常务会议一般不予讨论,由市编委办按规定程序办理。
  四、市人民政府常务会议一般每月召开一次。根据需要可安排邀请市人民政府其他领导同志和有关部门、单位主要负责人列席。市人民政府常务会议必须有半数以上组成人员出席方为有效。
  五、市长办公会议由市长、副市长、秘书长、副秘书长组成,或由市长、相关副市长、秘书长、相关副秘书长组成,由市长或市长委托负责常务工作的副市长召集和主持。研究、处理市人民政府日常工作中的重要问题。
  六、提请市人民政府常务会议、市长办公会议讨论的议题,由市人民政府分管领导协调或审核后提出。各部门提请讨论的事项,应书面向市人民政府请示,报市人民政府分管领导审查。凡经审查提出的议题,由市人民政府办公室收集汇总送秘书长审核,报负责常务工作的副市长和市长审定。
  七、对提交市人民政府常务会议、市长办公会议讨论的事项,提出部门应在会前与相关部门协商,统一意见;未协商一致的事项,不得提请会议讨论。涉及多个部门且意见分歧较大的,报市人民政府领导或副秘书长协调,经协调,意见仍不一致的,暂缓提交会议讨论;对特别紧急需提交会议决策的事项,应将各方面意见如实向会议汇报。
  八、属市人民政府领导分管范围内的事项,应当按照集体领导和个人分工负责的原则,由分管领导负责处理,或向市长、负责常务工作的副市长报告后决定,一般不列入市人民政府常务会议和市长办公会议议题。
  九、市人民政府常务会议和市长办公会议议题确定后,市人民政府办公室应根据问题的轻重缓急,向秘书长提出会议日程安排建议,经请示市长同意后,确定开会时间。非特殊情况,一般不临时开会。
  十、市人民政府常务会议和市长办公会议的列席单位,由市人民政府办公室商有关单位提出,报秘书长审定后,由市人民政府办公室负责至少于会前一天通知列席单位,并告知议题内容。列席单位应由主要负责人参加会议,如遇特殊情况(包括出国出省考察、参加省政府及省直厅局召开的会议、参与重要来宾接待活动、因病住院治疗等)不能参加会议的,必须向市长请假。列席会议的部门负责人原则上不带助手。经市政府办公室同意,汇报单位负责人可带一名助手列席会议。
  十一、市人民政府常务会议、市长办公会议的组织工作由市人民政府办公室负责。向会议汇报的部门应在会前做好充分准备,按要求打印汇报材料,并提前送市人民政府办公室;属秘密文件,应事先说明,并注明“秘密文件,会后收回”字样。部门应由主要负责人向会议汇报,汇报工作不超过15分钟,传达上级精神并汇报工作,不超过20分钟;与会人员发言要突出重点,言简意明,一般不超过5分钟;分管副市长及会议主持人一般不超过10分钟。
  十二、凡列席市人民政府常务会议和市长办公会议的人员必须按议题顺序按时参加会议;自觉遵守会议纪律,不迟到、不早退,关闭手机,不会客,不办理与会议无关的其他事务。非与会人员如有紧急事项找领导同志,应先同会议工作人员联系。未经秘书长批准,不得对会议录音、录像、拍照。
  十三、市人民政府办公室应作好市人民政府常务会议、市长办公会议考勤登记,年底在一定范围内予以通报。


国务院关于修改《中华人民共和国进出口关税条例》的决定(附英文)

国务院


国务院关于修改《中华人民共和国进出口关税条例》的决定(附英文)
1992年3月18日,国务院

决定
国务院根据《中华人民共和国海关法》的规定和几年来海关工作的实践经验,决定对《中华人民共和国进出口关税条例》作如下修改和补充:
一、第二条增加一款,作为第二款:“从境外采购进口的原产于中国境内的货物,海关依照《海关进出口税则》征收进口关税。”
二、第五条修改为:“进出境的旅客行李物品和个人邮递物品征免税办法,由国务院关税税则委员会另行规定。”
三、第六条修改为:“进口关税设普通税率和优惠税率。对原产于与中华人民共和国未订有关税互惠协议的国家或者地区的进口货物,按照普通税率征税;对原产于与中华人民共和国订有关税互惠协议的国家或者地区的进口货物,按照优惠税率征税。
前款规定按照普通税率征税的进口货物,经国务院关税税则委员会特别批准,可以按照优惠税率征税。
任何国家或者地区对其进口的原产于中华人民共和国的货物征收歧视性关税或者给予其他歧视性待遇的,海关对原产于该国家或者地区的进口货物,可以征收特别关税。征收特别关税的货物品种、税率和起征、停征时间,由国务院关税税则委员会决定,并公布施行。”
四、删去第七条。
五、增加一条,作为第七条:“进出口货物,应当依照《海关进出口税则》规定的归类原则归入合适的税号,并按照适用的税率征税。”
六、增加一条,作为第九条:“进出口货物的补税和退税,适用该进出口货物原申报进口或者出口之日所实施的税率。具体办法由海关总署另行规定。”
七、第十条改为第十一条,修改为:“进口货物的到岸价格经海关审查未能确定的,海关应当依次以下列价格为基础估定完税价格:
(一)从该项进口货物同一出口国或者地区购进的相同或者类似货物的成交价格;
(二)该项进口货物的相同或者类似货物在国际市场上的成交价格;
(三)该项进口货物的相同或者类似货物在国内市场上的批发价格,减去进口关税、进口环节其他税收以及进口后的运输、储存、营业费用及利润后的价格;
(四)海关用其他合理方法估定的价格。”
八、第十二条改为第十三条,增加一款作为第二款:“前款所述货物的品种和具体管理办法,由海关总署另行规定。”
九、增加一条,作为第十五条:“进口货物的完税价格,应当包括为了在境内制造、使用、出版或者发行的目的而向境外支付的与该进口货物有关的专利、商标、著作权以及专有技术、计算机软件和资料等费用。”
十、第十四条改为第十六条,修改为:“出口货物应当以海关审定的货物售与境外的离岸价格,扣除出口关税后,作为完税价格。离岸价格不能确定时,完税价格由海关估定。”
十一、增加一条,作为第十七条:“进出口货物的收发货人或者他们的代理人,应当如实向海关申报进出口货物的成交价格。申报的成交价格明显低于或者高于相同或者类似货物的成交价格的,由海关依照本条例的规定确定完税价格。”
十二、第二十二条改为第二十五条,增加一款作为第二款:“海关应当自受理退税申请之日起三十日内作出书面答复并通知退税申请人。”
十三、第二十四条改为第二十七条,增加一款作为第三款:“因故退还的境外进口货物,由原收货人或者他们的代理人申报出境,并提供原进口单证,经海关审查核实,可以免征出口关税。但是,已征收的进口关税,不予退还。”
十四、第二十七条改为第三十条,增加一款作为第三款:“暂时进口的施工机械、工程车辆、工程船舶等经海关核准酌予延长期限的,在延长期内由海关按照货物的使用时间征收进口关税。具体办法由海关总署另行规定。”
十五、第二十八条改为第三十一条,增加一句:“或者对进口料、件先征进口关税,再按照实际加工出口的成品数量予以退税。”
十六、增加一条,作为第三十五条:“依照国家法律、法规的规定给予特定关税减免优惠的进口货物,在监管年限内经海关核准出售、转让或者移作他用时,应当按照其使用时间折旧估价,补征进口关税。监管年限由海关总署另行规定。”
十七、第三十二条改为第三十六条,修改为:“纳税义务人对海关确定的进出口货物的征税、减税、补税或者退税等有异议时,应当先按照海关核定的税额缴纳税款,然后自海关填发税款缴纳证之日起三十日内,向海关书面申请复议。逾期申请复议的,海关不予受理。”
此外,对部分条文的文字和条款的顺序作了相应的修改和调整。
本决定自一九九二年四月一日起施行。
《中华人民共和国进出口关税条例》根据本决定作相应的修正,重新发布。

中华人民共和国进出口关税条例

第一章 总 则
第一条 为了贯彻对外开放政策,促进对外经济贸易和国民经济的发展,根据《中华人民共和国海关法》的有关规定,制定本条例。
第二条 中华人民共和国准许进出口的货物,除国家另有规定的以外,海关依照《中华人民共和国海关进出口税则》(以下简称《海关进出口税则》)征收进口关税或者出口关税。
从境外采购进口的原产于中国境内的货物,海关依照《海关进出口税则》征收进口关税。
《海关进出口税则》是本条例的组成部分。
第三条 国务院成立关税税则委员会,其职责是提出制定或者修订《进出口关税条例》、《海关进出口税则》的方针、政策、原则,审议税则修订草案,制定暂定税率,审定局部调整税率。
国务院关税税则委员会的组成由国务院规定。
第四条 进口货物的收货人、出口货物的发货人,是关税的纳税义务人。
接受委托办理有关手续的代理人,应当遵守本条例对其委托人的各项规定。
第五条 进出境的旅客行李物品和个人邮递物品征免税办法,由国务院关税税则委员会另行规定。

第二章 税率的运用
第六条 进口关税设普通税率和优惠税率。对原产于与中华人民共和国未订有关税互惠协议的国家或者地区的进口货物,按照普通税率征税;对原产于与中华人民共和国订有关税互惠协议的国家或者地区的进口货物,按照优惠税率征税。
前款规定按照普通税率征税的进口货物,经国务院关税税则委员会特别批准,可以按照优惠税率征税。
任何国家或者地区对其进口的原产于中华人民共和国的货物征收歧视性关税或者给予其他歧视性待遇的,海关对原产于该国家或者地区的进口货物,可以征收特别关税。征收特别关税的货物品种、税率和起征、停征时间,由国务院关税税则委员会决定,并公布施行。
第七条 进出口货物,应当依照《海关进出口税则》规定的归类原则归入合适的税号,并按照适用的税率征税。
第八条 进出口货物,应当按照收发货人或者他们的代理人申报进口或者出口之日实施的税率征税。
进口货物到达前,经海关核准先行申报的,应当按照装载此项货物的运输工具申报进境之日实施的税率征税。
第九条 进出口货物的补税和退税,适用该进出口货物原申报进口或者出口之日所实施的税率。具体办法由海关总署另行规定。

第三章 完税价格的审定
第十条 进口货物以海关审定的成交价格为基础的到岸价格作为完税价格。到岸价格包括货价,加上货物运抵中华人民共和国关境内输入地点起卸前的包装费、运费、保险费和其他劳务费等费用。
第十一条 进口货物的到岸价格经海关审查未能确定的,海关应当依次以下列价格为基础估定完税价格:
(一)从该项进口货物同一出口国或者地区购进的相同或者类似货物的成交价格;
(二)该项进口货物的相同或者类似货物在国际市场上的成交价格;
(三)该项进口货物的相同或者类似货物在国内市场上的批发价格,减去进口关税、进口环节其他税收以及进口后的运输、储存、营业费用及利润后的价格;
(四)海关用其他合理方法估定的价格。
第十二条 运往境外修理的机械器具、运输工具或者其他货物,出境时已向海关报明并在海关规定期限内复运进境的,应当以海关审定的修理费和料件费作为完税价格。
第十三条 运往境外加工的货物,出境时已向海关报明并在海关规定期限内复运进境的,应当以加工后的货物进境时的到岸价格与原出境货物或者相同、类似货物在进境时的到岸价格之间的差额,作为完税价格。
前款所述货物的品种和具体管理办法,由海关总署另行规定。
第十四条 以租赁(包括租借)方式进口的货物,应当以海关审定的货物的租金,作为完税价格。
第十五条 进口货物的完税价格,应当包括为了在境内制造、使用、出版或者发行的目的而向境外支付的与该进口货物有关的专利、商标、著作权以及专有技术、计算机软件和资料等费用。
第十六条 出口货物应当以海关审定的货物售与境外的离岸价格,扣除出口关税后,作为完税价格。离岸价格不能确定时,完税价格由海关估定。
第十七条 进出口货物的收发货人或者他们的代理人,应当如实向海关申报进出口货物的成交价格。申报的成交价格明显低于或者高于相同或者类似货物的成交价格的,由海关依照本条例的规定确定完税价格。
第十八条 进出口货物的收发货人或者他们的代理人,在向海关递交进出口货物报关单时,应当交验载明货物的真实价格、运费、保险费和其他费用的发票(如有厂家发票应附在内)、包装清单和其他有关单证。
前款各项单证应当由进出口货物的收发货人或者他们的代理人签印证明无讹。
第十九条 海关审核进出口货物完税价格时,收发货人或者他们的代理人应当交验发票等单证;必要时海关可以检查买卖双方的有关合同、帐册、单据和文件,或者作其他调查。对于已经完税放行的货物,海关仍可检查货物的上述有关资料。
第二十条 进出口货物的收发货人或者他们的代理人,在递交进出口货物报关单时未交验第十八条规定的各项单证的,应当按照海关估定的完税价格完税;事后补交单证的,税款不予调整。
第二十一条 进出口货物的到岸价格、离岸价格或者租金、修理费、料件费等以外币计价的,由海关按照填发税款缴纳证之日国家外汇管理部门公布的《人民币外汇牌价表》的买卖中间价,折合人民币计征关税。《人民币外汇牌价表》未列入的外币,按照国家外汇管理部门确定的汇率折合人民币。

第四章 税款的缴纳、退补
第二十二条 进出口货物的收发货人或者他们的代理人,应当在海关填发税款缴纳证的次日起七日内(星期日和法定节假日除外),向指定银行缴纳税款。逾期缴纳的,除依法追缴外,由海关自到期的次日起至缴清税款日止,按日加收欠缴税款1‰的滞纳金。
第二十三条 海关征收关税、滞纳金等,除海关总署另有规定的以外,应当按人民币计征。
第二十四条 海关征收关税、滞纳金等,应当制发收据。收据格式由海关总署规定。
第二十五条 有下列情形之一的,进出口货物的收发货人或者他们的代理人,可以自缴纳税款之日起一年内,书面声明理由,连同原纳税收据向海关申请退税,逾期不予受理:
(一)因海关误征,多纳税款的;
(二)海关核准免验进口的货物,在完税后,发现有短卸情事,经海关审查认可的;
(三)已征出口关税的货物,因故未装运出口,申报退关,经海关查验属实的。
海关应当自受理退税申请之日起三十日内作出书面答复并通知退税申请人。
第二十六条 进出口货物完税后,如发现少征或者漏征税款,海关应当自缴纳税款或者货物放行之日起一年内,向收发货人或者他们的代理人补征。因收发货人或者他们的代理人违反规定而造成少征或者漏征的,海关在三年内可以追征。

第五章 关税的减免及审批程序
第二十七条 下列货物,经海关审查无讹,可以免税:
(一)关税税额在人民币十元以下的一票货物;
(二)无商业价值的广告品和货样;
(三)外国政府、国际组织无偿赠送的物资;
(四)进出境运输工具装载的途中必需的燃料、物料和饮食用品。
因故退还的我国出口货物,由原发货人或者他们的代理人申报进境,并提供原出口单证,经海关审查核实,可以免征进口关税。但是,已征收的出口关税,不予退还。
因故退还的境外进口货物,由原收货人或者他们的代理人申报出境,并提供原进口单证,经海关审查核实,可以免征出口关税。但是,已征收的进口关税,不予退还。
第二十八条 有下列情形之一的进口货物,海关可以酌情减免关税:
(一)在境外运输途中或者在起卸时,遭受损坏或者损失的;
(二)起卸后海关放行前,因不可抗力遭受损坏或者损失的;
(三)海关查验时已经破漏、损坏或者腐烂,经证明不是保管不慎造成的。
第二十九条 中华人民共和国缔结或者参加的国际条约规定减征、免征关税的货物、物品,海关应当按照规定予以减免关税。
第三十条 经海关核准暂时进境或者暂时出境并在六个月内复运出境或者复运进境的货样、展览品、施工机械、工程车辆、工程船舶、供安装设备时使用的仪器和工具、电视或者电影摄制器械、盛装货物的容器以及剧团服装道具,在货物收发货人向海关缴纳相当于税款的保证金或者提供担保后,准予暂时免纳关税。
前款规定的六个月期限,海关可以根据情况酌予延长。
暂时进口的施工机械、工程车辆、工程船舶等经海关核准酌予延长期限的,在延长期内由海关按照货物的使用时间征收进口关税。具体办法由海关总署另行规定。
第三十一条 为境外厂商加工、装配成品和为制造外销产品而进口的原材料、辅料、零件、部件、配套件和包装物料,海关按照实际加工出口的成品数量免征进口关税;或者对进口料、件先征进口关税,再按照实际加工出口的成品数量予以退税。
第三十二条 无代价抵偿的进出口货物的关税征免办法,由海关总署另行规定。
第三十三条 经济特区等特定地区进出口的货物,中外合资经营企业、中外合作经营企业、外资企业等特定企业进出口的货物以及其他依法给予关税减免优惠的进出口货物,按照国家有关规定减税或者免税。
第三十四条 收发货人或者他们的代理人,要求对其进出口货物临时减征或者免征进出口关税的,应当在货物进出口前书面说明理由,并附必要的证明和资料,向所在地海关申请。所在地海关审查属实后,转报海关总署,由海关总署或者海关总署会同财政部按照国务院的规定审查批准。
第三十五条 依照国家法律、法规的规定给予特定关税减免优惠的进口货物,在监管年限内经海关核准出售、转让或者移作他用时,应当按照其使用时间折旧估价,补征进口关税。监管年限由海关总署另行规定。

第六章 申诉程序
第三十六条 纳税义务人对海关确定的进出口货物的征税、减税、补税或者退税等有异议时,应当先按照海关核定的税额缴纳税款,然后自海关填发税款缴纳证之日起三十日内,向海关书面申请复议。逾期申请复议的,海关不予受理。
第三十七条 海关应当自收到复议申请之日起十五日内作出复议决定。
纳税义务人对复议决定不服的,可以自收到复议决定书之日起十五日内,向海关总署申请复议。
第三十八条 海关总署收到纳税义务人的复议申请后,应当在三十日内作出复议决定,并制成决定书交海关送达申请人。
纳税义务人对海关总署的复议决定仍然不服的,可以自收到复议决定书之日起十五日内,向人民法院起诉。

第七章 罚 则
第三十九条 违反本条例的规定构成走私或者违反海关监管规定的行为的,依照《中华人民共和国海关法》、《中华人民共和国海关法行政处罚实施细则》和其他有关法律、法规的规定处理。

第八章 附 则
第四十条 海关对检举或者协助查获违反本条例的偷税漏税行为的单位和个人,应当按照规定给予奖励,并负责保密。
第四十一条 本条例由中华人民共和国海关总署负责解释。
第四十二条 本条例自一九九二年四月一日起施行。

REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORTDUTIES

(Promulgated by the State Council on March 7, 1985, amended andpromulgated by the State Council on September 12, 1987, amended andpromulgated for a second time on March 18, 1992 according to the Decisionof the State Council on Am
ending the Regulations of the People's Republicof China onImport and Export Duties)

Important Notice: (注意事项)
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.

Whole Document (法规全文)
REGULATIONS OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ON IMPORT AND EXPORT DUTIES
(Promulgated by the State Council on March 7, 1985, amended and
promulgated by the State Council on September 12, 1987, amended and
promulgated for a second time on March 18, 1992 according to the Decision
of the State Council on Amending the Regulations of the People's Republic
of China on Import and Export Duties)

Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
These Regulations are formulated in accordance with the relevant
provisions of Customs Law of the People's Republic of China with a view to
implementing the policy of opening to the outside world and promoting the
development of foreign economic relations and foreign trade and the
national economy.
Article 2
All goods permitted to be imported into or exported out of the People's
Republic of China shall, unless otherwise provided for by the State, be
subject to the levy of Customs import or export duties according to the
Customs Import and Export Tariff of the People's Republic of China
(hereinafter referred to as Customs Import and Export Tariff).
If goods originating within Chinese territory are purchased from outside
Chinese territory for import, Customs shall levy import duty in accordance
with the Customs Import and Export Tariff.
Customs Import and Export Tariff is an integral part of these Regulations.
Article 3
The Tariff Commission established by the State Council is charged with the
responsibility to formulate or amend the guideline, policies and
principles for Regulations on Import and Export Duties and Customs Import
and Export Tariff, to examine the draft of amendments of Tariff, to set
temporary tariff rates and to examine and approve partial adjustment of
tariff rates.
The composition of the State Council Customs Tariff Commission shall be
prescribed by the State Council.
Article 4
Both the consignee of imports and the consignor of exports are persons
obligated to pay Customs duties.
The agent entrusted to go through the related procedures shall abide by
all the provisions of these Regulations pertaining to his client.
Article 5
The measures on the levy of or exemption from import or export duties on
incoming and outgoing passengers luggage and articles and on personal
postal matters shall be formulated by the State Council Customs Tariff
Commission.

Chapter II Application of Tariff Rates
Article 6
Customs import duty shall be calculated in accordance with general tariff
rates and preferential tariff rates. The general tariff rate shall apply
to an import originating in a country or region with which the People's
Republic of China has not yet signed an agreement containing reciprocal
preferential tariff clauses. The preferential tariff rate shall apply to
an import originating in a country or region with which the People's
Republic of China has signed an agreement containing reciprocal
preferential tariff clauses.
Imports to which general tariff rates apply pursuant to the provisions of
the previous paragraph may have duty levied in accordance with
preferential tariff rates subject to special approval from the State
Council Customs Tariff Commission.
If imports originating in the People's Republic of China are subject to
discriminatory rates of duty or other types of discriminatory treatment by
any country or region, Customs may impose a special Customs duty on
imports originating in the said country or region. The State Council
Customs Tariff Commission shall determine and promulgate for
implementation details of the types of goods subject to the special
Customs duty, the duty rates and the time period when such levies commence
and finish.
Article 7
Import and export commodities shall be classified under appropriate tax
item numbers in accordance with the category provisions of the Customs
Import and Export Tariff and shall be subject to tax levies pursuant to
relevant tax rates.
Article 8
Customs duties shall be levied on imports or exports at the tariff rates
obtaining on the date of declaration for imports or exports by the
consignee or consignor or his agent.
Imports which are permitted by the Customs to be declared prior to their
entry shall be subject to the levy of import duties at the tariff rates
obtaining on the date of entry of the means of transport involved.
Article 9
If an import or export is subject to a supplementary duty payment or
refund of duty, the rate of duty on the date of the good's original import
or export declaration shall apply. The specific measures shall be
formulated by the Customs General Administration.

Chapter III Verification of the Duty-paying Value
Article 10
The duty-paying value of the goods to be imported shall be assessed
according to the CIF price based on the normal transaction price verified
by the Customs. The CIF price shall cover the price of the goods, packing
charges, freight, insurance premiums and other service charges incurred
prior to the unloading of the goods at the port of entry in the Customs
territory of the People's Republic of China.
Article 11
If unable through examination to determine the CIF price of an import, the
Customs shall assess its duty-paying value based successively on the
following prices:
(1) the transaction price of an item equivalent or similar to and from the
same country or region of origin as the said import:
(2) the transaction price on the international market of an item
equivalent or similar to the said import;
(3) the wholesale price on the domestic market of an item equivalent or
similar to the said import, minus import duty, other import-linked taxes
or duty and the post-import transport, storage and business costs and
after-profit price;
(4) a price valued by the Customs using other reasonable methods.
Article 12
The duty-paying value of mechanic appliances, means of transport or any
other goods, which were shipped out of the Customs territory for the
purpose of repairs with the declaration for exports made in advance and
shipped back into the Customs territory within the time limit set by the
Customs shall be identical with the normal charges on the repairs and the
cost of materials and spare parts used for the repairs, both of which
shall be subject to the examination and approval by the Customs.
Article 13
The duty-paying value of the goods which were shipped out of the Customs
territory for processing with the declaration for exports made to the
Customs in advance and shipped back into the Customs territory within the
time limit set by the Customs shall be identical with the difference
between the CIF price of the processed goods at the time of entry and the
CIF price of the original goods shipped out of the Customs territory or of
the identical or similar goods at the time of entry.
The specific measures shall be formulated by the Customs General
Administration governing the varieties of the aforesaid goods and their
control.
Article 14
The duty-paying value of the goods to be imported on lease (including
those for rent) shall be assessed according to the rental for the goods,
which is subject to the examination and approval by the Customs.
Article 15
The duty-paying value of the goods to be imported shall include fees for
patents, trademarks, copyright, proprietary technology, computer software,
information, etc., which are incurred in relation to the said imports and
paid to foreign parties in order that the goods may be manufactured, used,
published or distributed domestically.
Article 16
The duty-paying value of the goods to be exported for sale shall be
identical with the FOB price of the goods with the export duties deducted.
The above FOB price shall be subject to the examination and approval by
the Customs. If unable to determine the FOB price of an export, the
Customs shall assess its duty-paying value.
Article 17
The consignee and consignor of imports or exports or their agents shall
accurately declare the transaction price of the said imports and exports.
If the declared transaction price is significantly lower or higher than
the transaction price of equivalent or similar goods, the Customs shall
determine the duty-paying value pursuant to the provisions of these
Regulations.
Article 18
The consignee of imports or consignor of exports or their agents shall, at
the time of submitting the declaration for imports or exports, produce to
the Customs the invoices indicating the real price, freight, insurance
premiums and other expenses incurred for the goods (with manufactures'
invoices, if any), packing lists and other relevant papers for the
examination and approval by the Customs. All the above invoices and papers
shall be signed and stamped by the consignee or consignor or his agent to
affirm their authenticity.
Article 19
The consignee or consignor or his agent shall produce the invoices and
other papers for the Customs to assess the duty-paying value of the goods
to be imported or exported. If necessary, the Customs may examine the
relevant contracts, accounts, bills and other papers of both the buyers
and the sellers or make any further investigation. The Customs may also
check the above documents and papers even after the levy of Customs duties
on, and the release of the goods in question.
Article 20
In case the consignee and consignor or his agent fail to produce the
relevant documents and papers stipulated in Article 18 for examination by
the Customs at the time of submitting the declaration for imports or
exports, Customs duties shall be levied according to the duty-paying value
assessed by the Customs. No adjustment shall be made of the Customs duties
already collected even though the relevant documents and papers are
subsequently produced to the Customs.
Article 21
In case the CIF price of imports, the FOB price of exports, the rental for
imported or exported goods, the charges on repairs or the cost of
materials and spare parts are computed in foreign currencies, they shall
be converted into RMB at the price between the buying and selling prices
quoted by the State administrative organ in charge of exchange control in
Schedule of Exchange Rates of RMB Against Foreign Currencies on the date
of issuance of the duty memorandum. In case the exchange rate of any
foreign currency is not available in the Schedule, the Customs may apply
the exchange rate set by the above administrative organ.

Chapter IV Payment Refund and Recovery of Customs Duties
Article 22
The consignee or consignor or his agent shall pay Customs duties at the
designated bank within seven days (excluding Sundays and national
holidays) after the date of issuance of the duty memorandum by the
Customs. In case of any payment in arrears, the Customs may order the
fulfilment of the payment according to law, and 1? of the total amount of
the overdue Customs duties shall be charged as a fee on delayed payment
per day from the eighth day to the date of fulfilment of the payment.
Article 23
The Customs shall levy Customs duties and charge fees on delayed payment
of RMB unless otherwise provided for by the Customs General
Administration.
Article 24
The Customs shall issue receipts for any Customs duties collected or any
fees on delayed payment charged. The form of the receipt shall be
prescribed by the Customs General Administration.
Article 25
Under any of the following circumstances, the consignee or the consignor
or his agent may, within one year from the date of payment of Customs
duties, claim for a refund from the Customs by submitting to the Customs a
written application specifying the reasons therefor, and the receipt for
the paid Customs duties attached failing which his claim shall not be
entertained:
(1) any amount of Customs duties is overpaid as a result of the wrong
assessment by the Customs;
(2) any duty paid on goods imported which are exempted from the
examination by the Customs are discovered to be short-landed with the
verification by the Customs;
(3) any duty paid on goods to exported are not shipped for some reasons
and declared to the Customs as shut-out cargo with the verification by the
Customs. Any delayed application for a refund shall not be accepted.
The Customs shall complete a written response and notify a duty refund
applicant within 30 days of accepting a refund application.
Article 26
In case Customs duties are short-levied or not levied on imports or
exports, the Customs may, within one year after the date of payment of
Customs duties or the date of release of the goods, recover the amount of
Customs duties short-levied or not levied. If any imports or exports are
short-levied or not levied owing to an act in violation of the Customs
regulations by the consignee or consignor or his agent, the Customs may
recover from him the Customs duties short-levied or not levied within
three years.

Chapter V Reduction or Exemption of Customs Duties and theProcedures for Examination and Approval
Article 27
Goods falling in any following categories may be exempted from the levy of
Customs duties upon verification by the Customs:
(1) goods of a consignment on which Customs duties are estimated to be
below RMB ten yuan;
(2) advertising matters and samples, which are of no commercial value;
(3) goods and materials, which are rendered gratis by international
organizations or foreign governments;
(4) fuels, stores, beverages and provisions for use en route loaded on any
means of transport, which is in transit across the frontier.
In case any goods exported are shipped back into the Customs territory for
some reason, the original consignor or his agent shall submit a
declaration for entry with the original documents and papers attached and
verified by the Customs, import duties may be exempted. However, the
export duties already collected shall not be refunded. Imports returned
abroad for any reason shall be declared to the Customs at the place of
exit by the original consignee or agent and the original import
documentation shall be presented. If the Customs examination verifies the
details, export duties may be exempted, but import duties already paid
shall not be refunded.
Article 28
The Customs may, in consideration of any of the following circumstances,
grant reduction or exemption of Customs duties on any goods falling in any
of the following categories:
(1) goods damaged, destroyed or lost en route to the Customs territory or
at the time of unloading;
(2) goods damaged, destroyed or lost as a result force majeure after
unloading but prior to release;
(3) goods discovered already leaky, damaged or rotten at the time of the
examination by the Customs, provided the cause is proved to be other than
improper storage.
Article 29
Customs duties shall be reduced or exempted on goods and article in
accordance with the relevant provisions of the international treaties, to
which the People's Republic of China is a contracting or acceding party.
Article 30
The levy of Customs duties may be exempted temporarily on samples,
exhibits, engineering equipment, vehicles and vessels for construction,
instruments and tools for installation, cinematographic and television
apparatus, containers of goods, and theatrical costumes and paraphernalia,
which are permitted by the Customs to be temporarily shipped into or out
of the Customs territory and reshipped out of or into the Customs
territory within six months, provided a deposit of an amount equivalent to
that of the Customs duties or a guarantee is submitted to the Customs by
the consignee or consignor.
The time limit of six months stipulated in the preceding paragraph may be
extended at the discretion of the Customs.
If, subject to examination and approval by the Customs, an extension of
the import period is granted for temporarily imported engineering
equipment, vehicles and vessels for construction, etc, the Customs shall,
during the extension period, levy import duty pursuant to the period of
usage of the respective goods. The specific measures shall be separately
formulated by the Customs General Administration.
Article 31
Raw materials, supplementary materials, parts, components, accessories and
packing materials imported for processing and assembling finished products
for foreign business persons or for manufacturing products for export
shall be exempt from import duties pursuant to the actual amount of goods
processed for export; or import duties may be levied up-front on import
materials and parts and subsequently refunded pursuant to the actual
amount of goods processed for export.
Article 32
Measures on the levy or exemption of Customs duties on free replacement
goods shall be separately formulated by the Customs General
Administration.
Article 33
Customs duties shall be reduced or exempted in accordance with the
provisions set out in the relevant regulations on goods imported into or
exported out of the designated areas, such as special economic zones or
the designated enterprises, such as Chinese-foreign equity joint ventures,
Chinese-foreign contractual joint ventures and sole enterprises with
foreign investment, and also on goods falling in the category of
preferential treatment by laws and regulations.
Article 34
In case the consignee or consignor or his agent applies for ad hoc
reduction or exemption of Customs duties on imports or exports, a written
application specifying the reason therein and necessary documentary
evidence shall be submitted to the Customs for examination prior to the
importation or exportation of the goods. The Customs shall transmit the
application verified to the Customs General Administration, which may, in
accordance with the relevant regulations formulated by the State Council,
examine and approve it with or without consulting with the Ministry of
Finance.
Article 35
If the Customs, in relation to imports granted preferential duty
reductions or exemptions pursuant to the provisions of the State laws or
regulations, examines and approves, within the supervisory and control
period, an application for the sale or assignment of such goods or their
use for other purposes, the value of the goods shall be reappraised in
accordance with the period of usage and supplementary payments of import
duties made. The supervisory and control limit of years shall be
formulated separately by the Customs General Administration.

Chapter VI Procedures for Appeal
Article 36
If a person obliged to pay Customs duties disagrees with a decision by the
Customs in relation to such matters as duty payment, duty reduction,
supplementary payment or the refund of duty paid on imports and exports,
the party concerned shall first pay the amount determined by the Customs,
and then, within 30 days of the Customs issuing a receipt of payment,
lodged with the Customs a written application for reconsideration. The
Customs shall not accept an appeal lodge after the expiry of the
prescribed time limit.
Article 37
The Customs shall make its decision on the appeal within 15 days as of the
date of receipt of the appeal.
Should the person obligated to pay Customs duties refuse to accept the
decision, he may appeal to the Customs General Administration for
reconsideration within 15 days as of the date of receipt of the notice of
decision.
Article 38
The Customs General Administration shall make its decision on the appeal
within 30 days after the date of receipt of the appeal and accordingly
notify the person obligated to pay Customs duties of the decision.
Should the person obligated to pay Customs duties find the decision made
by the Customs General Administration unacceptable, he may bring the case
to the people's court within 15 days as of the date of receipt of the said
decision.

Chapter VII Penalties
Article 39
Any act in violation of these Regulations which constitutes the crime of
smuggling, or of the regulations on the Customs supervision and control
shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions of Customs Law of
the People's Republic of China, Regulations for Imposing Administrative
Penalties under the Customs Law of the People's Republic of China and
other relevant laws or regulations.

Chapter VIII Supplementary Provisions
Article 40
The Customs shall, in accordance with relevant regulations, reward any
individual or unit who provides any information or assistance which leads
to the uncovering of any evasion or avoidance of Customs duties in
violation of these Regulations. The identity of the individuals or units
concerned shall be kept confidential.
Article 41
The Customs General Administration shall be responsible for the
interpretation of these Regulations.
Article 42
These Regulations shall come into force as of April 1, 1992.

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